From World Wildlife Fund website:

Atol das Rocas was the first site designated as a Brazilian Marine Protected Area (1979). As a Biological Reserve, the only human activity allowed there is scientific research (Kikuchi 1999). Atol das Rocas lies in a heavily fished area of the Atlantic, and before protective measures were in place, many ships were grounded off of the atoll, which causes considerable physical damage to shallow reef areas, particularly at low tide (IUCN/UNEP 1988). Though spear fishing and blast fishing is prohibited by the Federal Department of National Parks, it does occur, and the reef connecting these island groups is stressed by fishing and spearfishing, particularly at Fernando de Noronha (IUCN/UNEP 1988).

Rocas Atoll
from wikipedia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rocas_Atoll

The oval atoll is 3.7 kilometres (2.3 mi) long and 2.5 kilometres (1.6 mi) wide. The  lagoon  is up to 6 metres (20 ft) deep and has an area of 7.1 square kilometres (2.7 sq mi). The land area of the two islets (Cemitério Island, southwest and Farol Cay, northwest) is 0.36 square kilometres (89 acres). Farol Cay accounts for almost two thirds of the aggregate area. The highest point is a sand  dune  in the south of larger Farol Cay, with a height of 6 metres (20 ft). Both islets are overgrown with grasses, bushes and a few  palm trees . The population consists of crabs, spiders, scorpions, sand fleas, beetles, large roaches, and many species of birds.

There is a lighthouse of the  Brazilian Navy  that has been in operation and maintained since the 1960s, at the Northern end of Farol Bay. In its vicinity is a derelict lighthouse from 1933.

The atoll is a wildlife sanctuary, and in 2001 was designated by  UNESCO  as a  World Heritage Site . Numerous  turtles , sharks ,  dolphins  and  birds  live in the area. The atoll consists mainly of  coral  and red  algae . The coral ring is almost closed, with a 200 metres (660 ft) wide channel on the North side and a much narrower channel on the West side.

A biological  reserve , it is currently used solely for  scientific  research. Due to their remote location, the islands remain largely undisturbed by human activities. On the other hand, the remoteness also limits researchers' access to the islands and few studies have been developed on this  atoll . The  entomological   fauna  from Atol das Rocas was already recorded. ^[2]